5 Iconic Filipino Architects Who Shaped the World of Architecture

The Philippines has produced some of the world’s most innovative and influential architects, whose works have not only defined the skylines of cities but also reflected the rich cultural heritage of the Filipino people. From pioneering modernist movements to championing local architectural styles, these architects have made an indelible mark on both the local and global stages. As we celebrate World Architecture Day, let’s take a look at five iconic Filipino architects whose visionary designs continue to inspire and transform the way we experience spaces today.

1. Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin, a National Artist for Architecture, is renowned for his iconic contributions to Philippine modernist architecture, particularly brutalism. He is best known for the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP), which remains a symbol of Filipino creativity and ingenuity. From a distance, the main building of the CCP gives the illusion that its merely floating. The massive concrete structure, perched on reclaimed land, dominates the skyline along Roxas Boulevard.  It opened its doors in 1969 during the Marcos era and stands as the country's most recognizable example of Brutalist architecture.  Locsin's work is characterized by this very innovative at the time use of concrete, creating structures that blend modern aesthetics with traditional Filipino forms. His designs have influenced generations of architects, cementing his status as one of the most important figures in the world of architecture.

Photo Credit Courtesy of The Philippine International Convention Center, designed by Leandro V. Locsin.

2. Francisco "Bobby" Mañosa

Francisco Mañosa, who is often referred to as the "Father of Philippine Neo-vernacular Architecture," championed designs rooted in the true essence of Filipino culture. Mañosa’s works, such as the Coconut Palace and the EDSA Shrine, are celebrated for integrating indigenous materials like bamboo and nipa with contemporary construction techniques. His dedication to promoting a distinctly Filipino architectural identity helped shift the country's design philosophy towards a celebration of local heritage, making him a pivotal figure in preserving Filipino architectural traditions.

Photo Courtesy of The Mañosas.

Mañosa, alongside his brothers Manuel and Jose, designed the well known San Miguel Corporation complex in Ortigas Center, as seen above. The structure features a distinctive stepped or terraced design, drawing inspiration from the iconic Banaue Rice Terraces. Complementing the building’s architecture, the lush greenery cascading from its façade was landscaped by another National Artist, architect Ildefonso Santos, Jr.

3. Juan Nakpil

A National Artist for Architecture, Juan Nakpil is recognized for his contributions to both architecture and heritage conservation. Nakpil's designs reflect a blend of modernist influences and Filipino elements, evident in works like the University of the Philippines' Quezon Hall and the reconstruction of Rizal’s ancestral house. Nakpil was instrumental in advocating for the preservation of cultural landmarks, making him a trailblazer in the Philippine architectural scene. His efforts in integrating history into his structures continue to resonate in the field today.

The Juan Nakpil desgined, Quezon Hall, at UP Diliman

4. Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.

Ildefonso P. Santos Jr., known as the "Father of Philippine Landscape Architecture," revolutionized the design of public spaces in the Philippines. His most notable work, the Manila Baywalk and the famed Manila Hotel, showcases his ability to transform urban landscapes into thriving public areas.

A sprawling property located in the heart of Manila, the country's first ever five-star hotel became the address of prominence visited by the most illustrious of guests. And while the hotel has served as witness to how the city has suffered so much damage during the outbreak of World War II under the Japanese invasion, it is also a true testament to how function and form can reflect the aesthetics of culture existing in a thriving metropolis (pictured below).

Santos focused on combining functionality with beauty, and his projects often centered around green spaces, parks, and urban plazas. His work elevated the profession of landscape architecture in the Philippines, inspiring a deeper appreciation for outdoor and public spaces in city planning.

5. Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio, a National Artist for Architecture, played a key role in bringing Art Deco to the Philippines and shaping modernist architecture. His iconic works, like the FEU (Far Eastern University) buildings, stand out for their blend of functionality and design. Born in the early 1900s, Antonio was all about simplicity—clean lines, smooth curves, and no excess. His son, Pablo Jr., puts it best: “For our father, every line must have a meaning, a purpose. For him, function comes first before elegance or form.” Antonio also prioritized natural light and ventilation, making his spaces feel open and airy. His legacy isn't just in his stunning buildings but in how he redefined Manila's architectural style, pushing for structures that were minimalist, purposeful, and built to last.

Photo Courtesy of The Pablo S. Antonio House Archives